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  • THE IMPORTANCE OF ECO-CLUSTERS IN THE CONSTANTA COUNTY

    Mirela Iuliana SUNDRI
    10/1/2021
    10.53464/JMTE.02.2021.10
    No citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Economic theory and international practice confirm the role of clusters as catalysts for competitiveness based on innovation and internationalization. Europe is facing the challenge of becoming a fair and prosperous society based on a modern, competitive and resource-efficient economy. Mobilizing industrial actors towards a clean and circular economy through in-depth cooperation along value chains as well as the use of new technologies, sustainable solutions and disruptive innovation are critical to achieving this goal. Clusters play an important role in operationalizing smart specialization strategies. Eco-clusters aim to increase the competitiveness of enterprises included in "cluster" structures in sectors of economic relevance, by concentrating resources and developing the production of innovative goods such as technologies, products, services, with the greatest possible reduction of waste. Constanta County, through its strategic positioning, through the concentration of economic activities, education and research is an area of maximum interest for the development of eco-innovation and eco-clusters. This study highlights the premises for the establishment of eco-clusters in the Constanta area, given their role as a driver in greening economic policies in the region and developing partnerships in order to obtain clean products. Through eco-clusters, there are also developments in the process of eco-innovation and implementation of sustainable development strategies in the Constanta area, as a means for a long-term socio-ecological transition.
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  • ANALYSIS OF THE ENGINE STRUCTURAL AND THERMAL STRESS

    Liviu Constantin STAN
    10/1/2021
    10.53464/JMTE.02.2021.09
    No citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    The paper aims to analyse the demands of four-stroke naval pistons. To begin with, a brief analysis of the evolution of shipbuilding was made. Mechanical requests are produced by the gas pressure force and inertial force of the alternate moving masses. Under its action the piston suffers an axial deformation. The thermal demands appearing in the engine are all the more important as the engine power is higher. The possibility of calculating them is more difficult due to the complexity of the thermogazodynamic phenomena in the engine cylinder. Thus, in the piston head, which comes in contact with both the hot gases and the fresh (much cooler) load, a non-stationary heat flow is installed which leads to a certain thermal regime of the engine. Considering the demands outlined in the last chapter, they lead to the final conclusion that although the most unfavourable loading situation was considered as the maximum pressure during the processes and even exaggerated in establishing the working conditions, the piston is still close to the elastic limit. This demonstrates that the way of calculating the dimensions of the piston is correct and safe, as long as its constructive dimensions are not oversized.
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  • WASTE MANAGEMENT ON BOARD SEAGOING SHIPS

    Liliana Viorica POPA
    10/1/2021
    10.53464/JMTE.02.2021.08
    5 citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    The reality remains uncomfortable, the climate crisis is coming with extreme phenomena more and more devastating around the globe and more and more people and more and more parts of ecosystems are suffering from the greed of large companies and lack of constructive action and coherent decision-makers. There are various types of waste generated during operation, and to be able to implement a waste management system, it is necessary to identify and quantify the different types of waste on board. The purpose of this paper is to examine the responsibilities, management, handling and disposal of ship-generated waste and the requirements for the preparation of an on-board waste management plan.
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  • THE EIS OPTIONS AT MONITORING THE SPREAD OF POLLUTION IN THE STREAM

    Jana PAŘÍLKOVÁ; Zbyněk ZACHOVAL; Jan JANDORA; Šimon POŠPÍŠILÍK; Jan MIKULKA; Jan DUŠEK; David JUŘIČKA; Boriss GJUNSBURGS; Algirdas RADZEVIČIUS; Rytis SKOMINAS
    10/1/2021
    10.53464/JMTE.02.2021.07
    2 citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Water pollution is one of the most significant problems in the world today and is a global problem. Surface water pollution in streams and reservoirs is reflected in the deterioration of the quality of aquatic ecosystems, including those that occur in their vicinity or follow them. Lack of quality drinking water is one of the main causes of various diseases, which can lead to death, especially in developing countries. Therefore, it is important to detect water pollution in time and anticipate how it could develop and be transported in the stream. Measurements on a physical model are time-consuming and economically demanding, but for a given locality it can provide comprehensive information, including the proposal of possible measures and their verification. It is also a suitable approach for calibration and verification of mathematical models. One of the main tasks in the physical modelling of the spread of pollution in the stream was to find a suitable substance that would simulate the pollution without being aggressive towards the water pumping circuit. The method of electrical impedance spectrometry was chosen for its detection in the stream.
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  • ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN CONSTANTA HARBOR - A THEORETICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE PERFORMANCE OF A HEAT PUMP FOR HEATING NEEDS, FOR A LESS POLLUTANT ADMINISTRATION OFFICE

    Feiza MEMET
    10/1/2021
    10.53464/JMTE.02.2021.06
    No citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    In accordance with the present energetic exigencies, the energy consumption in port buildings is of a vital importance. From this perspective, heat pumps are less pollutant and more energy efficient options than the traditional heating technologies. This study focuses on an air source heat pump (ASHP), operating in an administration office located in Constanta harbor, Romania, in order to supply heated water during December of 2020. Electrically driven heat pumps are seen as a successful alternative to classical expensive heating means, such as electrical heating or the one based on fossil fuels combustion. Within this research, are investigated influences of the heated water temperatures and exterior air temperatures on the theoretical Coefficient of Performance, the compression ratio and the discharge temperature. The cycle is working with R134a, with 50C superheating and sub cooling. It will be considered that the heated water is supplied in the range (40-50) 0C, while the outdoor air temperature varies in the range (0-10) 0C. Obtained results show that the highest efficiency of the ASHP is obtained for the lowest value of the heated water temperature and for the highest value of the outdoor air temperature. This situation corresponds also to the good working of the compressor of the refrigeration plant, since are seen lowest values of the compression rate and the discharge temperature, as well. This means that the compressor do not consume high amounts of energy and the oil is not damaged because of high temperatures of the refrigerant vapors.
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  • THE ENERGY POTENTIAL OF BLACK SEA IN ROMANIAN SEASIDE AREA

    Valentina JALAN; Dumitru DINU; Raluca RĂDULESCU
    10/1/2021
    10.53464/JMTE.02.2021.05
    No citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    The Black Sea is considered a relatively calm sea, the optimal choice for the capture process is influenced by the wave regime and its peculiarities. This sea is characterized by winds that blow towards land with greater intensity in January causing the sea to be more agitated and with less power in May, June and July, when the sea was the calmest of the year. It should be noted that the frequency of strong winds is 38%, and of those of low speed of 1m/s of only 1.5%. For the collection of oceanographic and meteorological information, data provided by the Gloria platform located in front of Romania’s coast were is used, as well as records from the three offshore buoys anchored in the Romanian seaside area and which are part of the EMSO EUXINUS research infrastructure managed by National Institute for Research and Development on Marine Geology and Geoecology - GeoEcoMar. In addition, free data such as those provided by the site of the research institute Grigore Antipa were easily accessed. Presently there are three fixed platforms in the Black Sea. Wave energy is underexploited, both worldwide and in the Black Sea. The potential of this type of energy is huge, and the environmental impact is low compared to other renewable energy technologies.
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  • STABILIZING THE PERIODIC ORBITS IN A CHAOTIC MAPPING DESCRIBING THE DISCRETE HEALTH SYSTEMS VIA PREDICTION-BASED CONTROL

    Dumitru DELEANU
    10/1/2021
    10.53464/JMTE.02.2021.04
    No citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    In the paper the problem of location and stabilization of unstable periodic orbits (UPOs) in discrete systems is investigated via the prediction-based control (PBC). It involves using the state of the free system one period ahead as reference for the control signal. Two types of control gains are tested, the first requiring the knowledge of the UPO to be stabilized and the second depending only on the actual state of the trajectory. The effectiveness of PBC is demonstrated on a chaotic mapping describing the malignant tumor growth. When the results obtained with the two control laws are compared with each other, it is found that the second variant is qualitatively superior, both in terms of convergence and the number of stabilized UPOs, especially for long-period orbits.
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  • RESEARCH ON OPTIMIZING THE OPERATION OF SHIPS IN CONTAINER TERMINALS

    Robert Alexandru DĂINEANU; Dumitru DINU; Mariana PANAITESCU; Fănel-Viorel PANAITESCU
    10/1/2021
    10.53464/JMTE.02.2021.03
    1 citation
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    The time allotted to a single ship at berth varies greatly depending on the characteristics of the ship, the volume of cargo and its specifications.. Taking into account the service time and the problem of terminals by overcrowding of waiting ships and available berths (which may vary in number, depending on the size of ships already berthed), the average waiting time is calculated and obtained. The operating process is usually sequential, ie each type of cargo is stacked separately from the other types. For this reason, the operating time was considered to consist of four other indicators, which correspond to the main types of cargo of Ro-Ro / Ro-Pax ships: complete trucks, semi-trailers, • passenger cars, vehicles as goods themselves. Also, the time of operation of the goods by the dockers can be formulated by two other different terms: the time related to the ship and the time in the terminal. In this context, we intend to analyze the capacity of the terminal in Constanța Port.. Two different scenarios are considered: a more "common" case for the studied terminal with 40 semi-trailers and 80 trucks to be unloaded and the same amount to be loaded and an "extreme" case in which all goods are composed of semi-trailers ( 160 plus 160 in total). By using simulation models, the values for the optimal quay time were obtained, in relation to the number of units for loading data in the specified scenarios. Using modeling algorithms, we obtain reports of situations that include tables and graphs that allow the optimization of terminal operation.
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  • ELECTRICAL DRIVE AND CONTROL OF AN ELECTRIC MOTOR STEP BY STEP BY STEP BIPOLAR

    Violeta-Vali CIUCUR
    10/1/2021
    10.53464/JMTE.02.2021.02
    No citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    PWM, (Pulse Width Modulation) is the most effective way to control analog circuits using numerical outputs by changing the duration and frequency of the signal. The duration of each state t1 and t2, so the filling factor, where T = t1 + t2 = constant. If only one of the times (t1 or t2) varies, then the Tt period of a cycle varies, so the f = 1 / T frequency varies. The PWM signal is actually a modulated rectangular signal over the duration by modifying the duration of each period t1, t2 of the cycle as well as the change in frequency. The maximum benefit of a stepper motor can only be obtained if it is ordered correctly, this requiring a direct current source, an electronic switch and a controlled pulse generator (numerical information). The frequency of the CLOCK cycle is measured in Hz and the filling factor is measured in percentage (%). The amplitude of the output signal is constant even if the amplitude of signals producing the fill factor varies.
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  • Increasing the Efficiency Of Marine Energy Conversion

    Violeta-Vali CIUCUR
    10/1/2021
    10.53464/JMTE.02.2021.01
    1 citation
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    New approaches need to be taken into account in adopting the configuration of residual heat recovery systems, design, operation and control and to consider equipment and the energy conversion process in the perspective of integrated systems in order to increase measurable energy efficiency in existing marine energy systems as well as other new systems.
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  • INSTALLATION OF SUBMARINE CABLES IN THE OFFSHORE WIND INDUSTRY AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT

    Valeriu-Florian VASILESCU; Dumitru DINU
    4/1/2021
    6 citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    This article presents the main methods of installing submarine cables used in the offshore wind industry and the impact they have on the marine environment. From this article, the reader will be able to understand the basic principles that are taken into account from the design phase of a submarine cable, principles that seek to streamline their installation, operation and maintenance and their impact on the marine environment. Given the scale of the development of the wind industry, especially offshore, the length of submarine cables that provide energy transport from the wind farm to shore consumers is also constantly growing. The construction and operation of offshore wind energy systems has been and continues to be regarded with scepticism by environmental activists. Despite the undeniable benefits of this renewable energy source, the impact on the marine environment must also be taken into consideration. We studied the most efficient methods of installing submarine cables in the offshore wind industry – study which also includes analysing the behaviour of submarine cables and analysing ships’ movement during cable transport and installation. This article is only part of a major research on the installation of submarine cables in the offshore wind industry. In terms of the frequency and relatively short duration of submarine cable installation operations, on a small strip of up to 8m, the disturbances and impact caused by these operations are considered minor and are preferred compared to bottom trawling operations and dredging, which are repetitive and more extensive. A single impact, such as cable burial operations, is preferred to continuous, multiple or recurrent impacts. [1]
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  • A POINT OF VIEW ON THE PERCEPTION OF FUTURE PROFESSIONALS ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF REFIRGERATION SYSTEMS

    Ionela TICU; Elena GOGU
    4/1/2021
    1 citation
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    In the modern times, energy efficiency is of high interest because there is direct link between this concept and energy conservation, economics, environment and sustainable development. The energy efficiency intensification at international level is closely follow by national leaders and worldwide governments and organisations and by top companies as well. Considering this obvious aspects, higher education institutions are deeply involved in involving energy efficiency in the curricula of future professionals, in order to allow them to gain skills that will help in solving challenges specific to this activity. In this international context, Constanta Maritime University introduced in the curricula of the students enrolled in the specialization called Engineering and Environment Protection in Industry a discipline dealing with this very important activity, named Thermal Efficiency of Buildings and Industrial Processes. This paper is investigating the manner in which our students have mastered the tools of energy efficiency assessment of refrigeration systems, throughout a questionnaire applied to them, at the end of the chapter dedicated to these technologies. The students had to write short comments to very specific questions. Analysis of the comments helps the lecturer and the students to take appropriate measures in the next future. Thus, the feedback resulted to be quite positive because most of the students gained the knowledge provided in this respect. Still, delicate concepts, such as entropy, exergy or exergy destruction seem to raise difficulties to some students. In this respect, results that such an intermediary assessment has to be repeated more often, for other kind of technologies discussed during this course, with the involvement of the concepts introduced by the second law- which are essential in energy efficiency assessments.
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  • TOOLS TO ENGAGE YOUTH IN ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: CONSTANTA MARITIME UNIVERSITY APPROACH

    Mirela-Iuliana SUNDRI; Feiza MEMET
    4/1/2021
    3 citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Environmental sustainability must be considered as the main target of humanity. To achieve this goal, the activities of many people must change into pro-environmental behaviour. This is often difficult because it involves high costs, giving up some daily habits and getting out of an artificial comfort. In this sense, education has an essential role to play. Young people are the target group for which appropriate methods must be found to help raise awareness of environmental issues and their involvement in solving them. In the current situation, under the restrictions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, practical applications with large groups of students and observation of the wild environment is difficult to achieve. In November 2020, the Department of Mechanical and Environmental Sciences within the Maritime University of Constanta organized online the activity “S.O.S. Nature” where different environmental processes have been highlighted through simulation programs. The event aimed to increase the awareness of young people about environmental pollution and its consequences, as well as stimulating transversal skills by high school students participating. The interest given by the large participation in this event and the knowledge gained in this activity underlined the importance of modelling and simulation as useful tools through whose comprehensive approach young people can understand complex environmental issues.
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  • COMPARATIVE CFD BASED PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF GAS FLOW IN TWO CONTER-FLOW WET SCRUBBER SYSTEMS

    Daniela-Elena JUGĂNARU; Mariana PANAITESCU; Liviu-Constantin STAN
    4/1/2021
    No citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    In this study, gas flow field were simulated using ANSYS 2020R2, Fluid Flow Fluent computational fluids dynamic (CFD) software based on the continuity, velocity, temperature, energy and k -  turbulence. The overall objective of the study is to compare the pressure and velocity maps inside the wet scrubber system for two different scrubber designs. I have choose to analyse an In-Line scrubber bottom inlet, type I, and In-Line scrubber side inlet, type L. Bottom entry or side entry designs to allow a direct up-flow configuration and simplify engine exhaust gas duct routing for any type of vessel. The flow in a wet scrubber is very complex due to the interaction between dust particles, water droplets, and bulk water and flue gas. The flue gas flow is turbulent and there are multiple phases (gas, liquid and solid). CFD codes that predict gas flow patterns are based on conservation equations for mass, momentum and energy. The results show that the residuals have a very good job of converging at minimum flow contours and vectors at the inlet across the scrubbing chamber and outlet shows a distributed flow. The velocity profiles have fully conformed to the recommended profile for turbulent flow in pipes. As can be seen in the figures above, the velocity flow contour inside the scrubber is higher in the scrubber side inlet. Even though I choose to study the simplified scrubber model without taking into account that spray nozzle improve mixing between the scrubbing liquid and waste gas; from the results obtained, it can be deduced that the numerical simulation using CFD is an effective method to study the flow characteristics of a counter-flow wet scrubber system.
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  • EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY STANDARDS OF THE WATER DISCHARGED INTO THE SEA AFTER WASHING THE EXHAUST GASES

    Remus-Cristinel COJOCARU
    4/1/2021
    1 citation
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    The main objective of this paper is to propose technical solutions for monitoring and recording data for a gas washing system on board a ship and to maintain in standard parameters the quality of surface water following the discharge of gas washing water from installations from the ship.The specific objectives of achieving the general objective are: the methods for evaluating the laboratory samples from the washing water evacuation, modeling the dynamics of the washing water and modeling the dispersion of the scrubber washing water on board for a case study,evaluation of the quality standards of the water discharged into the sea after washing the gases, the elements of calculation, modeling and graphical representation are present.
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  • THE APPLICATIONS OF GIS FOR DEVELOPMENT SOME CHOOSING AREAS

    M. Angelica BAYLON; M. PANAITESCU; F. V. PANAITESCU
    4/1/2021
    No citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    This paper introduces Geographic Information System and its applications using datasets and innovative for research, extension services and development. Case study with GIS datasets is available for the Catanduanes Island. This application is good and efficient and will be recommended for actions in building GIS capability of human resources and for an environmentally sustainable and socio-economically Catanduanes support. GIS technology serves for the holistic development of different areas, in our case, for Catanduanes Island.
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  • APPROACHES BASED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS

    Gabriela ANDREI
    4/1/2021
    1 citation
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    In the current context of the existence of life, of the development of human activities, water has a double importance: - environmental factor, generator of ecological systems - “raw material” for certain uses (drinking water, industrial water, fish farming, leisure, etc.) The current problems in the field of water supply are due to: - exponential increase of water demand; - the limited water resources and their uneven distribution, which requires large and expensive works of development and accumulation of water; - deterioration of the quality of water sources, as a result of human activity and the emergence of industries that discharge waste, containing very stable impurities, difficult to remove from water, in the processes of water purification or treatment; - increase in standards on quality conditions that must be met by water delivered to the population [1]. For the extensive and intensive development of water supplies, a concrete solution, already existing in the area of Artificial Intelligence is given by heuristic methods and Evolutionary Calculus. This article provides an overview of the role of the most important metaheuristics, based on evolutionary concepts - Evolutionary computation and behavioral patterns inspired by biology - Swarm calculus) in the case of of water supply systems and their subsystems, with exemplification in the case of a model network (Scheme of the network distribution in Hanoi), taking into account water quality (its treatment with chlorine).
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  • WIND ENERGY CAPTURING DEVICES WITH POSSIBLE IMPLEMENTATION ON CONTAINER SHIPS

    Mihail-Vlad VASILESCU; Dumitru DINU
    10/1/2020
    No citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    This article presents different types of unconventional sources of energy, green ones, which can be implemented on a container ship. In the articleare descriebed renewable energy devices, used like an alternative source of energy, green energy suitable for container ships, for reducing environment pollution and fuel consumption. We have made some studies by using CFD programme Ansys Fluent, for discovering the forces which influence the Flettner balloon if is installed on top of a container ship at 300 m altitude. This article major points are: wind energy capturing devices, Makani Power Plane, Ampyx Power Plane, Altaeros Energies, Kite Gen, Joby Energy, Flettner balloon. In the article we also highlight the influence of meteorology when we select the best, optimal and most efficient green energy device suitable for a container ship in order to upgrade it. The present article is a piece of a big research on the installation of unconventional energy sources, on container ships.
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  • EMSO-EUXINUS INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT OF OFFSHORE UNDERWATER ENERGY

    Raluca RĂDULESCU; Vlad RĂDULESCU; Mariana PANAITESCU; Fanel-Viorel PANAITESCU
    10/1/2020
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Recently, a multitude of studies and research have revealed the enormous energy potential of the Planetary Ocean, generated by the hydrodynamics of seawater in the form of waves, tides or submarine currents. Preliminary studies conducted with various installations (in concept or prototype phase) in various countries of the world estimate a possible renewable energy budget of the order of TW. From this point of view, the Black Sea (Romania's exclusive economic zone) is no exception, being known (at least in the riparian countries) for the dynamics and strength of sea water, thus being susceptible to generating this type of energy.
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  • CAPTURE OF WAVE ENERGY

    Valentina POENARU; Dumitru DINU
    10/1/2020
    228 citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Electric power generation contributes to approximately 40% of the total CO2 emission across the globe. The Oceans cover more than 70% of the total surface of the Earth and have possess important source of energy stored in the form of: thermal energy, kinetic energy (waves and currents) along with chemical and biological energy with a combined potential of approximately 2 TW globally. Focus of this study is about the expansive potential of wave energy which can be exploited to meet the ever increasing global energy demand. Wave energy harnessing technology is still in its nascent stage of development, but there has been steady technological advancement and research to optimise wave energy conversion efficiency, proper planning with regards to location of the plant installation and impact on the marine environment. The main advantage of harnessing wave energy is it would cause insignificant pollution damage, negligible greenhouse gas emissions and economically viable as per various feasibility studies carried out globally.
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  • BODE AND NYQUIST PLOTS: ASSISTANCE IN SOIL CHARACTERIZATION

    Jana PAŘÍLKOVÁ; Zbyněk ZACHOVAL; Zuzana MŰNSTEROVÁ; Jan JANDORA; Jan MIKULKA; Jan DUŠEK; David JUŘIČKA; Tymoteusz ZYDROŃ; Andrzej GRUCHOT; Milan GOMBOŠ; Dana PAVELKOVÁ; Boriss GJUNSBURGS; Algirdas RADZEVIČIUS; Rytis SKOMINAS
    10/1/2020
    2 citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Climate change is a phenomenon manifested for instance, among other things, by alternating dry and flood episodes with an impact on the environment. Therefore, one must deal with the issues such as: how to retain water in the landscape, protect the soil from erosion or oneself from the consequences of floods. There are used well-known and proven principles supplemented by modern techniques and technologies to understand individual processes and solve their impacts. Electrical impedance spectrometry (EIS), in which a sinusoidal test voltage or current is applied to the sample under test to measure its electrical impedance over a suitable frequency range, is a powerful technique to investigate the electrical properties of a large variety of materials. EIS is used in a broad range of applications as a quick and easily automated technique to characterize solid, liquid, semiliquid, organic as well as inorganic materials. The subject of interest of the paper is the monitoring of selected soil characteristics in the water-soil interaction. Measurement of electrical impedance of soils in the frequency spectrum and processing of results in the form of Bode and Nyquist plots provides information on the water content in the soil and the possibility of estimating its structure. This is very important for various purposes of engineering geological practice, and especially for constructions. Model or limit curves of grain size, table values or indicative standard characteristics are used for the approximate assessment of some soil characteristics. Often, selected soil characteristics are described by the size of their effective grain or this parameter is used in mathematical formulas. In practice, the measured impedance spectra, represent an electrical fingerprint of the sample providing an insight into its properties and behaviour. The selected measurement results are obtained by new apparatus with Z-meter device in field and laboratory conditions.
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  • ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BULGARIAN MARITIME TRANSPORT

    Elena KATELIEVA
    10/1/2020
    No citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Efficient transport plays an important role in the process of economic and social development of modern society. Maritime transport provides significant opportunities to increase efficiency and improve environmental performance. The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis and various opportunities for energy efficiency improvement of maritime transport. The strategic geographic location of Bulgaria between Asia and Europe, defines our country as an important partner in the international trade. The participation of the Bulgarian transport on the international transport market and the development of the transport system, as part of the European transport system is one of the important directions for improvement of its efficiency. The transport sector is at a stage where existing measures for energy efficiency improvement need to be deepened and expanded in order to meet the sustainable development scenario. Environmental protection, energy efficiency and optimal use of the resources are among the main goals of the modern scientific community. Energy efficiency optimization in maritime transport could be achieved by applying a complex analysis and a combination of organizational, technical and operational measures for improvement.
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  • MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IMPLEMENTED IN THE OPERATION OF MARITIME CONTAINER AND RO-RO TERMINALS

    Robert Alexandru DĂINEANU; Dumitru DINU
    10/1/2020
    No citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Maritime transport is constantly changing and adapting. With the evolution of containerized transport, the concept of RO-RO transport and ships also took shape - it was initially developed for the sustainability of general freight transport on ordinary routes. The geographical position of the Black Sea is ideal for sea traffic and also has a high potential for the development of the Ro-Ro market. Ro-Ro ships are particularly well adapted to the requirements of short-distance transport, where transport speed and optimum operability are essential. The introduction of a Ro-Ro / Ro-Pax line that will connect the Port of Constanta and Karasu, Turkey will offer a cheaper and faster alternative to highly congested land routes around Turkey / Bulgaria and Bulgaria / Romania. Ro-Ro intermodal transport has many advantages, such as: high reliability, safety, low level of administrative complexity, reduces exposure to road accidents. Designed exclusively for container transport, the project provides for some changes to the terminal to determine the proper functioning of Ro-Ro / Ro-Pax intermodal transport, as follows: construction / installation of a pontoon, modification of the vehicle access road, extension of the ramp operation, arranging a quay for ships with a total length between 180-200 m, ensuring all facilities for good operability. The ship must complete a round trip between the ports of Constanta, Romania and Karasu Turkey within 24 hours. It approximates a stationary time of berth of maximum 2 hours and a journey of maximum 10 hours round trip.
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  • CURRENT CONTROL FOR STEPPER MOTOR OPERATION

    Violeta CIUCUR
    10/1/2020
    2 citations
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    The maximum benefit of a stepper motor can only be obtained if it is ordered correctly, this requiring a direct current source, an electronic switch and a controlled pulse generator (numerical information). For all their advantages, stepper motors have several limitations that can cause significant implementation and operation problems depending on the application.
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  • SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN MET: THE MAAP PHILIPPINES AND CONSTANTA MARITIME UNIVERSITY ROMANIA BEST PRACTICES

    Angelica M. BAYLON; Mariana PANAITESCU; Fanel-Viorel PANAITESCU
    10/1/2020
    1 citation
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced; technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Sustainable development (SD) is defined as the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The result of the analysis from the gathered data is presented in this summary. The analysis was based on the following research objectives: (1) analyze the concept of SD and applicability to Maritime High Education Institutions (MHEIs); (2) MHEIs integration of sustainability principles in their management, operations and curricula activities; (3) identify barriers to integration; (4) analyze contemporary approaches of MHEIs for SD; (5) suggest ways of improving the SD performance of MHEIs.
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