Journal of Marine Technology and Environment 2012 Vol. 2

From the shipping industry’s point of view cold winters mean nothing else than trouble. Navigation in Arctic waters is unique compared to all other ship operations. Significant changes in climate and their impacts are visible regionally and are expected to become more pronounced in the next decades. Trade in ice covered waters continues to grow and increasingly, operators looking for future flexibility are building ships classed for operations in ice. In the future the Northwest Passage and Northern Sea Route are likely to provide alternative shipping lines for international trade. Ice navigation is probably the most difficult and challenging mode of navigation possible. Few other areas of maritime operation are exposing the ship and its crew for more dangerous situations. The use of ship-bridge simulators is becoming an accepted method of training in the maritime education. Many simulator-based training courses were developed ad hoc, often designed to individual requirements of a shipping company or training establishment. For ice navigation module, the goal of training module is to reduce the risks of winter navigation and to ensure safe operations even in severe ice conditions. This article aims to analyze effectiveness of maritime simulation systems on strengthening the maritime training for ice navigation module in Dokuz Eylül University Maritime Faculty.

One of the most important missions of maritime educational institutions is to educate the qualified labor force meeting the international maritime manpower market needs. For that purpose in Turkey, the number of educational institutions providing manpower to the maritime industry has been rapidly increased in the last decade. Concordantly, there have been a lot of investments in laboratories, classrooms and simulators in order to enable sufficient training. Despite of all these aforesaid developments, the most important issue, instructor or academicians with maritime background, was neglected. Now, Academicians have become the most important human capital. This capital cannot be created immediately yet it can be brought into existence within a long period of time. Without this capital is not possible to train qualified seafarers, to survive in the maritime industry. The aim of this study is to determine the profiles of the maritime higher education institutions in Turkey, their capacities and profiles of the academicians with maritime background employed in such institutions. During the study, structured interview questions have been used. Data collected was obtained through official sources. Maritime higher education institutions providing education at the undergraduate level with fulltime employed academicians (with maritime background) have been evaluated via the data obtained using the methods of statistical analysis.

Starting from the concept of an device for waves energy conversion, constituted by floating cylinder structure, the paper intends to carry out a comparative analysis between mechanical and electrical analogy, for a more precisely determination of parameters that have a influence on oscillating system for waves energy capture.

Starting from the particularities of offshore surface waves, the paper propose the analysis of a new system with floating bodies articulated, connect between them with levers, designed for potential waves energy and for its conversion. From the analysis of technical stage was chosen the cylindrical shape for which the waves energy absorption efficiency is higher than in a vertical plate case. It was established that the efficiency of capture system with floating cylinders in function by their diameters and by the ratio of lever length connection at wavelength of wave.

This article discusses predictions on the ports efficiency in the actual Romanian ports, in the short and medium term. We are looking for answering some questions related to measures leading to development of the Romanian Ports and their management.

Together with the care for our environment, the natural refrigerant CO2 is seen as an attractive solution due to its excellent advantages in refrigeration application. In some cases transcritical vapor compression cycles are used instead of the conventional vapor compression cycles (air conditioning). Transcritical CO2 refrigeration cycles present low efficiencies because of losses encountered during expansion processes. In this paper, an ejector expansion transcritical CO2 refrigeration cycle is used to improve the performance of a typical transcritical CO2 cycle since a constant pressure mixing zone ejector is used instead of the expansion device from the basic transcritical CO2 refrigeration cycle.

The resistance of laminated materials can be either measured or calculated. The comparison between the two approaches points out that the second method is preferable if its results are good enough. The present essay describes an algorithm and a program designed to calculate the resistance of the unidirectional laminates.

The paper presents a sample of new teaching/learning materials for the language classroom activities of Marine Engineers in connection with the work on the project purposing to create the study pack for Maritime students beginning their academic career in Kyiv State Maritime Academy. The project is based on the concept of ‘early specialization’ which implies that the 1st and 2nd year students are taught both General English and Maritime English. This approach requires new teaching/learning materials (Student’s Book, Workbook, Teacher’s Book, Dictionary of Maritime Terms and others) to satisfy the needs of students in authentic communicative language resources.

Perhaps the most accurate and elegant method for computing the energy release rate is to calculated the J integral by converting the line integral into a domain integral which can easily be calculated using the known finite element shape functions. The problem illustrates the case of a crack in a cannon barrel, together with the relevant geometry against crack length defined from the bore of the cannon. This crack geometry is the most dangerous integrity case for the cannon barrel. In this research, 155 mm cannon barrel with one crack with lengths of 4 mm, 8 mm and 12 mm on inner surface is firstly structurally analyzed at room temperature, and subsequently coupled thermo-structurally analyzed considering 4 scenarios, where the crack length was deemed to be 4 mm, the temperature of the inner surface was 1000C, 1250C, 1500C, 2000C. The numeric model presented in this paper, provides consistent and reasonable results for the dependency of stress intensity factor to the crack length and temperature of a cannon barrel using the J integral. The temperature fields inside the cannon barrel (and, generalizing, inside any circular structure with thick walls) tends to ameliorate the stress fields existing on the crack tip and pushing the calculated KI downward and thus improving the crack behavior.

Applied aerodynamics has, historically, involved a very strong mix of theory and experiment. This is partly because experiments can be very costly and computations are rarely sufficiently sophisticated. This will continue to be the case. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is playing an ever increasing role in aerodynamic design for advanced missiles either for performance improvement of the existing system for new missions or for new concept development for future missions. A cost effective design process is to judiciously combine the wind tunnel tests and CFD studies that exploit the inherent strengths of each of these. Hypersonic missile flight is characterized by a high flight Mach number (usually greater than 5), thin shock layers and high viscous loads. The missile aerodynamic geometry has high impact on different missile systems such as control, propulsion, structure, and warhead. The objective of the current paper is to present a reliable Finite Element Analysis/CFD and Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) advanced technique for obtaining hypersonic missile aerodynamics and use this technique for finding optimal hypersonic missile shape based on best structural behavior (the lowest von Mises stress will play the role of Objective Variable), and, secondly, based on the best aerodynamic behavior (the highest V∞ fluid velocity will play the role of Objective Variable).

This paper describes an attempt for modeling and estimation of a target under radar observation. High order spectral moments and time series are applied. Experiment with real target is conducted and autoregressive model is used to describe the target.

The searchlights of the ships and the lifeboats are designed to help in the rapid identification of people fallen overboard and to communicate with other ships and shore. To safely perform these functions, they need to be powered from independent sources, and their capacity is determined by SOLAS (International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea), according to the required duration of illumination. Although light communication is shifting from various forms of radio communication, it is still indispensable element of navigation equipment of each vessel. New LED light sources provide high brightness, high efficiency (the ratio of light to electricity usage) and responsiveness (the transition from off in a state of maximum brightness). This allows for the construction of relatively small-sized searchlights with multiple parameters exceeding the requirements of SOLAS.

The expansion of international trade arising from globalization has led to a substantial increase in goods transshipment between ports. This has led to increased emissions from ships in ports, and trucks traveling to and from ports. Increment of ship traffics and machineries could be a source of gaseous emissions and particulate pollutants. This study attempt to investigate the problems in Johor Port. Emission sources concentration of sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon oxides (CO, CO2) and particulate matter less than 10 µm (PM10) in port were obtained. From the results obtained based on the comparison with Recommended Malaysian Air Quality Guidelines (RMAQG), NO2 concentration surprisingly exceed the limit by 5.9 percent in sampling station 2 while highest SO2 concentration were detected in sampling station 1 and 3 with a value of 0.2 ppm exceeding the RMAQG limits of 0.13 ppm by 53.8 percent for both stations. Other gaseous at station 1, 2 and 3 are still within the recommended guidelines. Based on the computation of Ocean-Going Vessels (OGVs) emissions estimate and later compiled as inventory, the results clearly shows that major pollutants contributor in Johor Port are oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) with a percentage value of 60 and 27 percent for maneuvering mode while 60 and 28 percent for berthing mode. Other pollutants contribute below than 10 percent for both modes.