Journal of Marine Technology and Environment 2015 Vol. 2

The main focus of this article is the development and use of clean renewable energy sources on ships. The main goal is the diversity of energy sources and the reduce of environmental pollution, hoping that this will ensure future energy security of supply. I propose to install the solar panels on a port-container. The reason of this article is to try to reduce ship pollution and the quantity of fuel used, that mince, to reduce the price of transportation and to save money. As a result of my research I discovered that is more convenient to use the Rawlemon photovoltaic sphere that normal solar panels. Photovoltaic sphere is generating energy by day and night, in all types of weather. It has a yield with 70% higher than normal photovoltaic panel attached to a fixed mount, it can generate upto 3.4 kWh/day. Environmental impact of photovoltaic field is limited to space used and to the visual impact because there are nil polluting emissions, thermal or acoustic. Photovoltaic sphere is revolutionizing photovoltaics panels, it captures the Sun rays on the opposite side of the sphere acting as a lens which focuses them on a large area directly to the solar panel. Action on energy efficiency is one of the fastest and most effective ways to support improving the performance of companies with respect the protection of environment. Energy is one of the most controllable costs, because any energy savings are accounted directly into profits.

The energy sector of a country is stronger when multiple ways of producing energy exist, so when there are multiple systems of energy and is less resistant when there is only one way of applied producing energy. The solution for the future stability of everyday life is from the energetic point of view, the existence of several energy systems in parallel. In this system, the renewable energy sources (RES) play an increasingly important place, contributing to a sustainable and efficient development, compatible with a cleaner environment. Among these energy sources, the marine RES, which include both offshore wind and ocean energy, become from one year to another, important resources generating economic growth and jobs enhance the security of its energy supply and boost competitiveness through technological innovation. Between the both marine RES sectors, it is distinguished the importance of the offshore energy that increases year by year. The figures that will be presented in the paper are relevant in this sense. The paper contains a desk analysis of the offshore energy area, showing figures, images, dates and conclusions on these new technologies and their effects on short and long terms. Also, a SWOT analysis is included, representing a necessary assessment of the strong and weak points, trying to adjust the strengths to the opportunities and reduction at a minimum level of the threats, eliminated the weak points. The projects based on this type of energy source, its positive results outline a promising perspective for the investors and authorities. The benefits are conclusive in this area: this inexhaustible and free resource generates energy with zero emissions, provides permanent and temporary jobs, services and economic growth, a balanced proportion between supply and demand of energy.

The seas and oceans have the potential to become important sources of clean energy. Marine renewable energy, which includes both offshore wind and ocean energy, presents an opportunity to generate economic growth and jobs, enhance the security of the energy supply and boost competitiveness through technological innovation, contributing to the decarbonisation goals. In the context of a decrease of the primary resources, the blue energy generated by the oceans and seas captured the interests of many countries. We see today many studies, researches, projects that crossed the borders of the countries, developed by collaborative mixed teams. The results are promising, the success is guaranteed. The present paper is a desk research on the ocean energy in Europe and not only in this region, showing the best practices in this area of activity and their implementation. The conclusions are very clear and sustained by the figures; the blue energy gained its own place in the mix energy of many countries. This inexhaustible resource seems to gain more and more interests year by year.

The existing movement for the reduction of environmental impact and improvement of efficiency of processes, lead to a need for optimizing the transport and logistic chains. Here it is presented a possible approach for using Constructal Theory in order to develop an alternative for shape optimization and access to the storage area in a container terminal for reaching sustainability. The approach consist on the utilization of the Constructal Theory for generating optimized geometrical shapes of the container storage area. The analysis shall be made based on the analogy between transport systems and fluid dynamics, which can be transferred for advanced analysis in a FEM application. The results will show the possibility presented by this kind of application for the overall optimization of transport systems and reduction of transport times, thus decreasing the impact on the terminal and reducing GHG emissions.

This paper presents a different view on the evidence theory and Dijkstra's algorithm. In this paper, the algorithm will be used in the further analysis to additional paths between nodes can be found in the maritime sector. In many cases, the best solution for a single criterion is not sufficient. It would be search for more effective solutions of the starting point to use for subsequent analysis or decision of the captain of the vessel. With innovative thinking mechanisms it is possible to create a decision support system based on known Dijkstra's algorithm. Reasoning mechanism is based on the theory of evidence. The intervals were used, where interval means a set of real numbers with the property that any number that lies between two numbers in the set is also included in the set.

In order to raise the effectiveness of the energy system an electronic voltage regulator with a high speed operation can be installed. An original AVR scheme which uses, which uses proportional-integral-differential control and pulse-width modulation scheme to control the output voltage of the compound system, is presented. The scheme of the electronic regulator is enclosed.

The paper presents the structure and operation of a developed mobile monitoring system for analysis, control, registration and management of the energy quality indicators in the ship electrical power systems. The system was successfully tested in the Ship’s Electric Drives Laboratory of the Technical University of Varna.

Nowadays, many computer agencies offers to the companies operating in the maritime field as ship owners, ship operators and charterers, various services related to the processing of meteorological information. However the use of competent meteorological advisory company did not relieves the master and navigating officers from responsibility concerning the safety of the ship, lives of crew members and condition of the cargo. This paper discusses the companies, software and internet sites, which presents a great amount of meteorological information to the ship business. The obtained meteorological information can be used on board of the ship for: voyage planning by masters; planning the duration of the voyage and calculation of the fuel coast by ship owners; raising a claim by charterers concerning the insufficient speed of the vessel as agreed in charter party, or for any other calculation and predictions relating shipping. Some of these services are free of charge while the others required regular payment. On board of the modern vessel, using new satellite technologies, it is a matter of minutes to obtain the required meteorological information.

In this paper it is presented a computer simulation for a possible prediction of an oil slick near Burgas harbor. The simulation it is carried out using POTENTIAL INCIDENT SIMULATOR EVALUATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM (Pisces II) which is a software, especially designed for assessing the consequences of oil pollution on sea water. PISCES is an incident response simulator designed for preparing and conducting command centre exercises and area drills. The application is developed to support exercises focusing on oil spill response. The model takes into account the main physicochemical processes occurring in the oil slick, which include evaporation, dispersion, emulsification and viscosity variation. Simulation is carried out with regard to the following environment factors: coastline, field of currents, weather, sea state, ice conditions and environmentally sensitive areas. In addition, models of response resource application including booming and recovery have been developed [1], [3], [4].

The paper presents a computer simulation of an emergency situation generated from an oil spill, inside Odessa harbor, using the software POTENTIAL INCIDENT SIMULATOR EVALUATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM (Pisces II), who it is especially designed for assessing the consequences of oil pollution on sea water.

The best way of improving the efficiency is to create a basic statistical model which can be used in the future for optimizing the work of a new terminal in the near future. The proposed model represents LNG terminal as queuing system. The model created is basic one but can be used as good foundation for creating a more sophisticated model once the main characteristics of the a new LNG terminal are known.

When studying a large number of phenomena and processes, researchers strive to create simple patterns. From the wide variety of factors separate the main and the rest are considered secondary and ignored. Very often, in practice, in making management decisions in the presence of many options is the task to recalculate the probability of each hypothesis, once it has been observed event. Such circumstances can be decided by the theorem to verify the hypotheses (Bayesian formula) obtained as a consequence of the theorem for multiplication formula for the total probability. Bayesian formula can calculate conditional probabilities of each hypothesis, then most likely of them is taken as the basis for future action. To obtain the practical utility of the theorem to check the hypothesis, we examined two cases of decision arising in shipping activity.

Finite Element Method (FEM) is based on the concept of building complex objects using simple elements or division in small parts of complex objects easily manipulable. This paper presents the modeling equations of fluid and thermal analysis, namely equations type: hyperbolic, elliptical parabolic. It will be noted that it is important to know every step of the method as the main stage is the development model for calculating the structure. Other important steps are the domain meshing and interpolation process of meshing with the effect sharing model structure in a certain number of pieces called finite elements. Here, we will present three types of equations modeling using Matlab. Finally, we notice that there are several programs that are based on MEF instead with a user-friendly interface. Even here it is necessary to understand the method steps in order to properly model the model chosen.