Items · Journal of Marine Technology and Environment

DECK CADET AND “ON-LINE TRAINING” ON BOARD OF THE SHIP

IORDANOAIA Florin

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The paper is addressed to the marine officers from the Navigation section and to the students from the final year of studying who are in the training voyage, before the final exams and before obtaining the maritime certificate. The progress from the IT domain, communications and the techniques of leading the maritime ships allows nowadays the reduction of the determination time of the astronomical point of the ship. Due to the fact that IMO through STCW imposes the unification of the training way of the marine officers, no matter the country they come from, in this paper I introduce a series of notations and international standards. On their basis it can be accomplished the training of the students and of the deck officers from different countries for the on-line determination of the astronomical point.

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CLASSIFICATION OF THE MARINE SIMULATOR EXERCISES (WORKING SCENARIOS)

HINEV Valentin

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The exercises are classified on the basis of different quantitative and qualitative criteria. They provide information on the aims of exercise or which sphere or branch of the marine education it is designed for. Other criteria specify the number of the included objects as well as for the variables of the training environment and duration of the exercises. The classification of the exercises also takes into consideration the necessity of instructor-operators for operating the simulator sessions, the vessel traffic, special procedures in bridge management or the organization of the examination.

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MECHANICAL PACKING (AXIAL SEAL WITH SLIDDING RINGS) STUDY USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD – WITH “ANSYS 9 - WORKBENCH” PROGRAM

GRIGORESCU Lucian; ZIDARU Nicolae

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

Using computer software “Solid Works” to generate the geometric form of the seal's rings and “ANSYS-9 WORKBENCH” program for the FEM analysisi to calculate mechanical stresses and thermal loandings of a mechanical seals as a part of the centrifugal pumps working in an oil refinery. The goal of this analysis is to improve the design of the seal.

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MATHEMATICAL PROPERTIES OF HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION LAWS FOR SHALLOW WATERS

GHERGHINA Aurel; VLADU Gabriel

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with a presentation of some mathematical properties of hyperbolic conservation laws. We restrict our attention to those properties thought to be essential to the development and application of numerical methods for conservation laws.

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SHIP MANOEUVRING BY PMM - MATHEMATICS AND EXPERIMENTS PART I, PART II

GANEA Bogdan

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The early 2000’s saw the revitalisation of the ship manoeuvring activity of the Ship Hydrodynamics Department of Icepronav. Mathematical modelling of the ship manoeuvring was approached on a new basis. The Abkowitz model, although classical, was found suitable for the available experimental gear - the planar motion mechanism (PMM), installed on the carriage of the main towing tank, length×beam×depth: 280×12×6m. Software for the experimental data processing and basic IMO manoeuvres simulation was written. Till mid 2008, this procedure was used for both contractual and research work.

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THE VELOCITY OF THE LOCK WATER LEVEL AT A LINEAR VARIATION OF THE FLOW IN THE FILLING (EMPTYING) CONDUIT

DINU Dumitru; CUPSA Ovidiu Sorin

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The paper presents a mathematical model of the filling (emptying) of the lock chamber in a transition period, when the valves are opening or shutting. In this situation, we can consider a linear variation of the flow. We shall study the flow of the viscous fluid, no compressible, in an unsteady regime, through the lock camber filling (emptying) conduits with the help of the general equation of Navier-Stokes and the equation of continuity. To solve these equations we used the potential vector, which has a physical significance: the circulation of the potential vector on the perimeter of the conduit section is equal to the flow through this conduit. By approximation we established a hyperbolic variation of the velocity of the liquid level to an asymptote.

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DETERMINATION OF EXPLOITATION RESOURCES OF SUPPORTING GIRDER FROM RAILWAY

DICHEV D.; TODOROV B. S.; DIMITROVA A. M.; LYUTSKANOV G. K

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The aim of present article is to determine the possibility of further exploitation of the supporting girders of an under-crane way in “Varna - West” port before pressing repair. For this purpose destructive mechanical and metalography testing of samples cuted from those girders were made.

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS OF MARITIME ENGLISH AS A MEANS TO IMPROVE SAFETY AT SEA

DEMYDENKO N.

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

This article gives background information about MarTEL Project and its achievements. The MarTEL Project is being developed by several European countries within the frameworks of European Union Leonardo da Vinci educational programme in order to establish international standards in Maritime English. In 2009 Ukraine – Kyiv State Maritime Academy, in particular, joined the project. Ukraine occupies the 5th place in the world in manpower for different ranks and classes of seafarers working on multi-national and multi-flagged vessels. The participation of the Ukrainian higher educational institution in this project is one indication that Ukraine is interested and involved with international co-operation in order to reduce merchant vessels incidents and accidents caused by the human factor relating to Maritime English communication failure on board ships and in ports.

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TRANSITORY PHENOMENONS INTO NAVAL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

DELIU Florentiu; BURLACU Paul

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The analysis is based on a naval power with synchronous generator and consumers of various powers. The paper presents a systemic approach to naval power systems based on mathematical models of specific generators and consumers.

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EXPLICIT DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF A SPACE DEBRIS PROJECTILE IMPACT OVER A SATELLITE STRUCTURE

CALIMANESCU Ioan; GRIGORESCU Lucian

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The purpose of this article is to investigate numerically the dynamic response of a satellite structure subjected to an impact with high velocity space debris. Satellites provide numerous services for modern society. They perform essential duties for military, governmental, and commercial organizations. The missions of these spacecraft include science ventures such as earth observation, interplanetary exploration, astronomy, and solar physics. They also include commercial endeavors such as television signal transmission, data transmission, and satellite telephone communication. In one of the currently considered designs of the satellite, its outer skin is planned to be constructed from two-ply composite material panels. Their structure may be subjected to impacts with space debris (mass 0.0014 kg). In the present work a transient non-linear-dynamics based analysis is carried out in order to predict the extent of damage of satellite panels during potential hypervelocity impact with space debris. The used simulation code was ANSYS/LS-DYNA, taking advantage of its explicit dynamics facilities and capability to model the impact phenomenon.

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EXPLICIT DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF A PIPE DEBRIS PROJECTILE IMPACT OVER A NUCLEAR HEAVY WATER STORAGE VESSEL

CALIMANESCU Ioan; GRIGORESCU Lucian

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The purpose of this article is to numerically investigate the dynamic response of a heavy water nuclear storage vessel subjected to an impact with high speed debris (pipe fragment). The pipe fragment has a mass of 31 kg. There were employed 5 different simulation scenarios, where the projectile was supposed to have speeds from 10 to 50 m/sec. The used simulation code was ANSYS/LS-DYNA, taking advantage of its explicit dynamics facilities and capability to model a solid/fluid interface. The impact was studied for the vessel wall which was simulated involving Shell 163 type finite elements and also the effect of the fluid on response was considered, the vessel being considered filled with radioactive heavy water at atmospheric pressure.

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STRUCTURAL AND KINEMATIC VIBRATION ON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - PART II

BUZBUCHI Nicolae; STAN Liviu; MEMET Feiza

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

As presented in the title, the present paper is a sequel of the previous one, dedicated to the general study of the engine dynamic system. For this engine we developed a structural and kinematic model. The main purpose is now the study of the marine engine dynamic behaviour, including the system response, stress limits, the influence of one missfiring cylinder, system resonance and counteracting shafting torsional vibrations. The main conclusions have been presented in Part I

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STRUCTURAL AND KINEMATIC VIBRATION ON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - PART I

BUZBUCHI Nicolae; STAN Liviu; BERESCU Serban

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

Computational methods to predict the vibration of an internal combustion engine have become more important as demands for matching the lighter weight with low vibration levels and for reducing the development period have been increasing. The former studies of engine vibration are categorized into two groups. One deals with structural vibration (elastic vibration) in relatively higher frequencies. The other deals with kinematic vibration (rigid body motion) in low frequencies. Recently, it is becoming more important to analyze structural and kinematic coupled vibration in middle range frequencies. In this study, we developed an engine vibration analysis system for a computer aided design software, which can comprehensively analyze structural and kinematic coupled vibration in a wide range. A new formulation using a local observer frame and eigenmodes was proposed to efficiently calculate the structural and kinematic coupled vibration of the moving elastic body. In addition, some types of force elements were developed to express the transmitting force from a body to another body or the boundary conditions. The developed program was applied to a real engine model and verified by experiment under running conditions

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A POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF ARC FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTERS IN SHIP ELECTRIC SYSTEMS

BOHOS Aprahamian; LYUBOMIR Dankov

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The arc-fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) is emerging as a new device in the US National Electrical Code (NEC) and in residential installations to enhance electrical safety. New technology generally fosters questions and concerns about the workings and application of the technology and this article will address some of the most frequently asked questions surrounding AFCI: • How does the AFCI work? and, • What is the state of the potential application of AFCIs in ship electric systems? This article addressees both questions.

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ENHANCED SIMULATION TECHNOLOGIES TO SUPPORT MARITIME OPERATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT ONBOARD SHIPS

BALDAUF Michael; JENS-UWE Schröder-Hinrichs; KNUD Benedict; MATTHIAS Kirchhoff; MICHAEL Gluch

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

Approximately 90 per cent of global trade is realized via ships and seaways: a world without shipping is therefore unimaginable. Consequently, hazards and accidents in shipping have negative effects on the world-wide economy and have to be avoided by adequate safety related measures. As the United Nations specialised agency in the maritime field, the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) is responsible for improving maritime safety and preventing pollution from ships. One of the most important regulatory measures to achieve these aims is the International Safety Management Code. Additionally, based on IMO conventions and performance standards as i.a. for Integrated Navigation and Integrated Bridge Systems (INS/IBS), many new devices and sophisticated systems are these days installed onboard to support the bridge team and the pilot in handling a ship safely and in managing operational risks. However, accidents still occur and further improvement of risk management is needed. This paper deals with investigations into the application of simulation techniques to enhance onboard operational risk management. A concept for a real-time simulation-based tool using an innovative combination of mandatory technical and navigational equipment will be introduced, and a sample for applying such a module for the purpose of collision avoidance is described.

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OPTIMIZATION OF STATUSES AND HUMAN BEHAVIOUR IN STRESSFUL SITUATIONS BY THE SHIP

BACALOV Jantco; MEDNIKAROV Boyan

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

Irrespective of a variety of stressful factors, psychologists study those consequences, which they cause on physiological, psychological and behavior levels. With rare exceptions, these consequences are negative. There are emotional shifts, the sphere is deformed motivation, the course of processes of recognition and thinking changes, the impellent and speech behavior is broken. There are bases to assert, that the influence of particularly strong disorganization on human activity by the ship is made with emotional stresses achieved degrees frustration. The force frustrations are the ones that are capable of breaking any other mental processes. Moreover, frustrations impose on man certain stereotyped ways „of an emergency output" from an extreme situation adequate to the form of the displayed frustration Presumably, the optimization of the mental condition and behavior of each crew member in extreme situations should provide the appropriate psychological preparation. Otherwise, there is nothing to hope that the individual, staying in a stressful condition, will work rationally, vigorously, quickly, with perseverance.

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STRUCTURAL ANALYSES BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION OF SUPERFICIAL LAYERS OBTAINED BY SPARKING PROCESSES

BARHALESCU Mihaela; DUMITRACHE Constantin; SABAU Adrian

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The superficial layers obtained using electrical discharge technology in impulses is part of surfaces engineering domain. In this paper we analyze phase quality using X-ray diffraction on superficial layers after the sparkling process with wolfram, titanium and aluminum and graphite electrode. The phase quality analyses through X-ray diffraction for deposition layers with electrical discharge method using wolfram, titanium, aluminum and graphite electrodes on non alloy steel samples suppose the obtain and interpretation of diffraction graphics.

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STUDY REGARDING TO THE CORROSIVE ACTION OF THE SEA WATER IN THE SUPERFICIAL LAYERS

BARHALESCU Mihaela; DUMITRACHE Constantin; SABAU Adrian

4/1/2010

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The experimental research was made on superficial layers laid-down through electrical sparking on the steel carbon OL 37 probes, the used electrode being made from a corrosion resistant material (Nickel). The corrosion resistance of the obtained experimental layers was determined through gravimetrical method. The superficial layers subjected to the corrosion agent (see water) where analysed through optical microscopy, using the computers QX3 Intel Play microscope and through atomic force microscopy.

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IS IT POSSIBLE TO APPLY ECO-DESIGN IN MARINE ENGINEERING?

Nicolae ZIDARU; Daniela MITU

10/1/2009

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

The paper presents some general aspects regarding the eco-design principles applied to machine design domain and the basic concepts of the ecological design of mechanical systems and analyses the possibility to use ecodesign in marine engineering field.

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THE ECOBONO. A PROPOSAL BASED ON EXTERNAL COSTS SAVINGS

F.XAVIER MARTÍNEZ DE OSES; MARCEL·LA CASTELLS

10/1/2009

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

According to the mid-term review of the EU White Paper on Transport, Short Sea Shipping is expected to grow at a rate of 59% (metric tonnes) between 2000 and 2020. If we consider that the overall expected increase in both freight exchanges and volume is 50%, sea transport appears as one of the most feasible options to reduce traffic congestion on European roads. However, this alternative has not been definitely adopted because of technical, administrative and legal reasons. Moreover, society still regards maritime transport as a slow, inefficient mode since shippers do not yet offer the best value for money. Infrastructures need to be balanced by using tariff principles which reflect the exact external costs incurred by these infrastructures. Along this line of action, in 1998 the European Union published the White Paper on Fair Payment for Infrastructure Use: A Phased Approach to a Common Transport Infrastructure Charging Framework in the EU COM (1998) 466. This paper will conclude proposing an environmental bonus based on external cost savings associated with the use of the short sea alternative instead of road-only transport

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THE ARCTIC CONFLICT: PROTECTING SHIPPING IN THE ARCTIC REGION

Vassil VASSILEV

10/1/2009

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

Global warming and the growing need of energy resources have created a new conflict zone for shipping, the Arctic. This article deals with the results of several research initiatives designed to determine the nature of the conflict in the Arctic, the shipping trends in the region, the possibilities for new threats and risks to emerge with regard to the maritime transport system as well as recent shifts in the concept for protecting shipping in time of peace or during war.

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THE DYNAMICS OF THE MARINE PROPULSION SYSTEMS

Liviu STAN; Nicolae BUZBUCHI

10/1/2009

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

This paper represents a step forward toward the introduction of engineering advanced research methods for the study of dynamic behavior of marine propulsion systems. The large dimensions of this work and its both theoretical and research material developed in it via numerical simulation are witnessing the authors’ effort for an exhaustive treatment of the proposed theme.

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NEURAL MODELING AND SIMULATING IN A STEAM TURBINE POWER PLANT APPLICATION

Liviu-Constantin STAN

10/1/2009

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

In the paper a neural simulator of steam power unit is presented as an example of application of artificial neural networks (ANN) for modeling complex technical objects. A set of one-directional back-propagation networks was applied to simulate distribution of main steam flow parameters in the cycle’s crucial points for a broad range of loading. A very good accuracy and short computation time was obtained. The advantages make the simulator useful for on-line diagnostic applications where short response time is very important. The most important features of the simulator, main phases of its elaboration and a certain amount of experience gained from solving the task was presented to make the practical application of the method in question more familiar.

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ANALYSIS OF DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION

Adrian SABAU; Constantin DUMITRACHE; Mihaela BARHALESCU

10/1/2009

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

In this paper is presented a method for both combustion irreversibility and working medium availability computations, in a diesel engine. The results of the second-law analysis of engine operation with dodecane (C12H26) fuel are compared with the results of a similar analysis for cases where a light, gaseous (CH4) and an oxygenated (CH3OH) fuel is used. It is shown theoretically that the decomposition of lighter molecules leads to less entropy generation compared to heavier fuels. This is verified computationally for the particular fuels and the corresponding decrease in combustion irreversibility is calculated. Special reference is made to the effect of the lower mixing entropy of the exhaust gas of an oxygenated fuel (CH3OH) as a contribution to the discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the use of such fuels.

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A PROPER STYLE OF COMMAND AND THEIR IMPACT IN MARITIME SAFETY

Ricardo RODRÍGUEZ-MARTOS

10/1/2009

Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes

Very often, when speaking about the exercise of command, we think rather on how to control the crew, than how to achieve the best of them. We also may classificate captains according the way they exercise their command and so we speak about authoritarian captains, dialoging captains, weak captains, etc, as if the style of command would be something depending of their character. However, in a proper sense, the style of command is something that doesn’t depend of the character of a captain, but on the professional maturity of the different crew members.

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