Items

  • DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMULATION ENVIRONMENT FOR TRAINING AND RESEARCH IN MARITIME SAFETY AND SECURITY

    FELSENSTEIN Christoph; BENEDICT Knud; BALDAUF Michael
    10/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Currently, one major priority in passenger shipping is to train ship’s officers and crew with sufficient skills and appropriate procedures to provide adequate protection and ensure the safety of all passengers and crew especially on ferries and cruise ships. For this purpose it is essential to establish a permanent process of change and development with regard to new precautionary measures against terrorism both in ports and onboard vessels in accordance with existing regulations. Training human mentality and motivation is vital to create a permanent underlying security culture. Simulators have proved beneficial for ship operation training in real time. Modern maritime training institutions all over the world increase the complexity of simulations by connecting full mission ship handling, ship engine and Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) simulators. There is ongoing research and development to also provide and integrate specific simulation facilities for maritime safety and security issues. For these purposes a new type of simulator is under development for integrated training and research of the specific aspects of maritime safety and security. A so called Safety and Security trainer (SST) simulation system, designed for two- and three-dimensional visualisation, is developed. It contains the 3D visual model of a real ferry. This visual model implemented into the SST is interfaced to an integrated decision support system to assist trainees to cope with safety and security challenges during manoeuvres of the vessel in a full-mission simulation environment. The system is designed to allow for more detailed evaluation of the effectiveness of safety and security plans under varying conditions and during different courses of events by different series of simulation runs. This paper will introduce the basic concept of the safety and security training simulator and describe the work entailed for its integration into the complex environment of full mission ship-handling- and ship-engine-simulators. Selected results of a case study dealing with first basic implementation of training scenarios will be demonstrated.
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  • WAVE CLIMATE

    DUMITRESCU Gabriela Simona
    10/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    A ship or any ocean vehicle or structure is exposed to the marine environment. Enviromental forces at sea come from wind, seaway, current, tidal waves, and waves from earthquakes (tsunamis). Generally, seaway is generated by the wind at the sea surface. Information on wind-generated wavTes has been based on: visual observation; instrumental buoy measurements; remote sensing from satellites; calculation with spectral models using barometric fields and wind field analysis.It underestimates the recurrence of heavy storms. Buoy measurement data are smaller in volume and limited to a small number of years. The storm class depends on the shape of the wind force versus time. The wave class depends on the shape of the seaway spectrum versus frequency. Storm class I is generating waves during limited time. Storm class II is generating a fully developed sea. Storm classes III,IV,V: combinations of class I and II.
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  • THE DETERMINATION OF THE MOMENTS OF INERTIA AND FRICTION – TORQUE DEPENDENCE

    DELIU Florențiu; SARBU Sorin
    10/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    In applications that require precise and rapid adjustment is very important to know the value of moment of inertia and friction torque dependence. Current industrial applications can be classified into two categories: 1) moment of inertia is constant during the adjustment to all operating modes; 2) moment of inertia can vary with values between a minimum J and maximum value Jmax, specific value of each operating mode (eg elevators carrying a variable number of people).
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  • CALCULATION OF THE INDUCED CURRENT IN A TEST COIL BY A HIGH POWER ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE

    DATCU I.; BACIU A.; SOTIR A.; SAMOILESCU Gheorghe
    10/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    This work deals with an issue of great importance, related to the possible destructive effects of a high power electromagnetic pulse – as the lightning pulse – upon electronic equipments in its area of influence. Lightning pulse characteristics are presented for type 2 / 50, one of the most common, where the number 2 mean length of the front and number 50 - the average duration of current pulse, in microseconds. It is calculated, based on specific linear antenna’s relationships, electromagnetic field components caused by the lightning current pulse, both in the close area - the field of induction, and in the far area - the radiation field. Based on these is calculated the induced power density and its corresponding energy in a test coil, located at 100 m from the point of lightning strike, and are compared the values obtained with maximum allowed energy levels of different components and electronic devices; the comparative analysis serves to draw useful conclusions about the need of using anti-disturbance protection for these equipments.
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  • RELEVANCE OF THE PLANCOAST “STATE OF ART OF COASTAL AND MARITIME PLANNING IN THE ADRIATIC REGION” FOR ROMANIA

    COMAN Claudia; LUCIUS Irene; NICOLAEV Simion; ALEXANDROV Laura; SUNDRI MIRELA Iuliana; DUMITRU Valentina; SPANU Alina; MATEESCU Răzvan; IORDACHE Gabriel
    10/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    The new issue Integrated Maritime Spatial Planning (IMSP) supported by the European Union since the 2007 Blue Book on Maritime Policy combines principles of the Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) with needs for sustainable development, elaborating different tools and procedures for spatial planning on both coastal and marine sides. As “The Romanian Emergency Ordinance on ICZM No. 202/2002” puts Romania ahead of Baltic and Adriatic countries in terms of a legal framework for integrated planning of the terrestrial coastal zone. The Romanian Coast is under the pressure from increasing population density, urbanization, marine transport, coastal erosion, pollution. Tourism industry and unplanned urbanization have had negative effects by depreciation of the natural landscape, water quality, sandy dunes, vegetation and marine ecosystem. This paper aim is to show how could be open and develop in Romania the field of IMSP: developing, introducing and implementing the new field of spatial planning in maritime areas (sea use planning) in the coastal zone in a coherent manner; strengthening the implementation of the ICZM in Romanian coastal zone demonstrating the benefits of spatial planning to ICZM by a selected number of pilot projects; introduction international comparable GIS databases facilitating the spatial planning process according to ICZM principle.
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  • AN EXPERIMENTAL METHOD OF CONTROL OF THE PROCESS OF DRYING OF SHIP HIGH-VOLTAGE INDUCTION MOTORS BY PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER

    Bohos APRAHAMIAN; Borislav DIMITROV
    10/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    The high-voltage induction motors are widely used in ship electric propulsion drives, like AZIPOD and in ship bow thrusters. The stability of insulation resistance of the electrical machines is closely connected to the methods of control of the process of drying during the periods of operation and repair. We propose an experimental method that enables to control the process of drying of ship high-voltage electrical machines by programmable logic controller.
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  • ORIGINAL METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE HYDRAULIC RESISTANCES IN THE PIPING INSTALLATION

    BEAZIT Ali
    10/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Starting from the analogy for hydraulic pipes and respectively for electrical conductors in the permanent flow of the equal density fluids the relations and relevant indicators from energetically point of view can be obtained electric-dynamic.
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  • CORROSION RESISTANCE OF THE LAYERS OBTAINED BY ELECTRICAL SPARKING WITH ALUMINIUM AND BRONZE ELECTRODE

    BARHALESCU Mihaela; SABAU Adrian
    10/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    The work entitled “Corrosion resistance of the layers obtained by electrical sparking with aluminium and bronze electrodes” presents the research done by the authors in regards with obtaining some superficial metallic layers, on samples made of carbon steel OL 37 brand, with the help of some electrodes from a corrosion resistant material (CuSn10 and Al). The corrosion resistance of the obtained experimental layers was determined through gravimetrical method. The superficial layers subject to the corrosion agent (sea water) were analised through optical microscopy, using the computers QX3 Intel Play microscope.
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  • AN ANALYSIS OF THE POLLUTION RISK IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SPANISH COAST

    AMABLE V. ESPARZA LORENTE; XAVIER MARTÍNEZ DE OSES F.
    10/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Pollution risks coming from the shipping traffic is one of the real risks that Spanish coast can face. It is much closed the remember of the Fedra bulk carrier in the strait of Gibraltar, the Prestige tanker in Finisterre or the Castor near accident off the Almeria coast. The main objective of this paper is to analyse, identify and further to quantify, the areas in the Mediterranean Spanish coast, with biggest risk of suffering a hydrocarbons spill coming from the tankers maritime traffic. The study, in which this paper is based, has been considered a set of variables among which we can remark the geographic particularities, the climatic issues, the ships’ age or the traffic density; that are going to feed an algorithm. This objective function will weight those different parameters in the entire coast and will identify the ones with the biggest risk probability. The results are going to put in evidence where are the most critical areas in the Spanish coast, when talking about its risk of spill.
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  • ASSESING THE CHANGE OF DRAG ACTING ON A SHIP WITH DIFFERENT DRAUGHT IN THE COURSE OF OPERATION

    Aleksandrov ZAMFIR ; Stoyanov RUMEN
    10/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    The purpose of this paper is to create a methodology for assessing the change of drag on a ship caused by the fouling of the hull and the increase of its roughness with different draught in the course of operation.
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  • THE IMPACT ON EMISSIONS IN SW EUROPEAN SHORT SEA SHIPPING BASED ON MOPSEA EMISSION MODEL

    Xavier MARTÍNEZ DE OSÉS F.; Marcel·la CASTELLS
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    According to the mid-term review of the EU White Paper on Transport, Short Sea Shipping is expected to grow at a rate of 59% (metric tonnes) between 2000 and 2020. Even with Marpol Annex VI [1] in operation, the share of emissions from maritime transport can no longer be ignored because they would become increasingly important. There is an existing need to evaluate the impact of the maritime transport on emissions. This paper analyses emissions of maritime transport in SW European Short Sea Shipping, considering actual routes and ships’ particulars based on MOPSEA [2] emission model and the results of LAERTES [3] project carried out by TRANSMAR Research group. This paper will conclude proposing some results that would justify the need to reduce atmospheric emissions from sea-going vessels to compete with road transport mode. Policy makers have to be aware of the results and its effect on the current legislation for maritime transport.
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  • INCOMPRESSIBLE MODELS AND LOW MACH NUMBER EXPANSIONS FOR SHALLOW WATERS

    VLADU Gabriel; GHERGHINA Aurel
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    An asymptotic analysis starting from the Navies-Stokes equation derived for a compressible ideal gas shows that there is a lack of consistency between compressible models and ‘incompressible’ sub-models, in the presence of heat conduction. The paper presents three mathematical formulations of the governing equations and restricts our attention to the twodimensional case.
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  • CONCEPTS OF REFRIGERATION CYCLES AND CRYOGENICS FOR LNG TANKERS

    STAN Liviu; BUZBUCHI Nicolae; BERESCU Șerban
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    This paper represents an overview about cryogenics applications in the maritime field and onboard commercial vessels. Basics thermodynamics in general and cryogenic refrigeration in particular are theoretical knowledges which become compulsory when we are dealing with complex processes like liquefaction, re-liquefaction and boil-off. The papers aim is to familiarize the students/crew members onboard LNG tankers with the basic concepts of refrigeration cycles and cryogenics.
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  • ANALYSIS OF ASYNCHRONOUS TRIPHASE ELECTRIC MOTORS USED IN AC PROPULSION SYSTEMS

    SAMOILESCU Gheorghe; SAMOILESCU Adelina; RADU Serghei ; CIZER Laura
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Seen from the perspective of electromechanics, propulsive engines can be asynchronous, synchronous and synchronous - asynchronous, can have low rotation frequencies for direct coupling to the screw shaft, whereas at high rotation frequencies the coupling is performed through a reducer. With respect to asynchronous engines used in the electrical propulsion of ships, several features have been subject to our close examination: the moment when sliding, the mechanical characteristic between motor speed and coupling as well as between coupling and sliding in accordance with the rotor speed, and finally the coupling characteristics of asynchronous engines and the related mechanisms.
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  • APPLIED RESEARCH AIMED AT DESIGNING THE OPTIMAL SOLUTION FOR A SUBMERSIBLE ELECTRIC GENERATOR

    SAMOILESCU Gheorghe; SERGIU Nicolae; DORIAN Marin; SERGHEI Radu; BARBU Alina
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    The paper presents a laboratory model of a submersible electric generator operating at relatively low speed values, synchronous, tri-phased, average built-in structure. The generator was conceived as a tightly sealed device, inner bearing coating and a driving shaft provided with tightening rings. The inductor is the fixed coil and the rotatable inductor with cylindrical permanent magnets Nd-Fe-B sintered and claw poles.
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  • SIMULATION OF FUEL INJECTION PIPE PRESSURE

    SABAU Adrian; DUMITRACHE Constantin; BARHALESCU Mihaela
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Fuel injection pipe pressures are measured and simulated to study the effect of fuel injection pipe length on the injection system characteristics in a direct injection diesel engine. The fuel injection simulation is based on a linear model. The governing equations are solved by the finite difference method.
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  • ANALYSIS OF TRANSIENT DIESEL-ENGINE

    SABAU Adrian; BARHALESCU Mihaela; DUMITRACHE Constantin
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    A computer analysis has been developed for studying the energy and exergy performance of an direct-injection, naturally-aspirated diesel engine operating under transient load or speed conditions. The model is validated at steady-state operation and incorporates many novel features for simulating the transient response and analyzing all of the engine availability terms. The analysis reveals via multiple diagrams how the exergy properties of the dieselengine subsystems vary according to the engine cycles for various speed and load changes. The diagrams also show the current-speed response. In addition, the effects of operating parameters such as the intensity of the applied change or heat loss to the walls are described from first- and second-law.
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  • THE SEAFARERS’S LONELINESS; A FACTOR OF RISK FOR MARITIME SAFETY

    RODRÍGUEZ-MARTOS Ricardo
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Very often, when speaking about reduction of crews the shipping industry just thinks about the technical possibilities for such reductions. Unfortunately it will be paid less attention to the sociological and psychological impact, which can put into risk the vessel and the crew. There are several human consequences of crew reduction that should be taken in account according to the different kind of trips and also to the general possibility of crews to communicate among themselves. The communication language and the availability of somebody to speak are both, very important. Boredom can also affect concentration and attention. The loneliness feeling can, on the other hand, propitiate the consume of drugs in the case of people with some tendency to addictions. In this paper we will analyze these factors and suggest also some guidelines for the future.
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  • ANALITIC METHOD FOR THE TEMPEREATURE DISTRIBUTION INSIDE THE CILINDER WALLS

    OMOCEA Ion; TURCOIU Titi
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Is important to determine the temperature distribution inside the cylinder walls as well as on the two faces of the cylinder. It’s necessary to be able to predict any deterioration of the material due to thermal stresses.
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  • ENGINE ROOM SIMULATOR ERS4000 USE FOR ANALISIS OF ENERGY EFIICIENCY OF INTEGRATED SHIP ENERGY SYSTEM

    NEDEV Marin; ANGELOV Nikolav; PETKOV Petko
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    The fuel consumption and GHG emissions from shipping are directly associated with energy efficiency of integrated ship energy system. In this paper, there are considered gas emissions from shipping, compared with other ways of transportation and on the basis of Engine Room Simulator ERS4000 are made an example for modeling and optimization of processes of energy producing and distribution. There are described some sources of gas emission and facilities to analyze possibilities to decrease of gas emissions and increasing of energy efficiency (technology-technical means for increasing energy efficiency with exploitation of ship energy system) and using different scenarios in education and examination of students, cadets and engine teams.
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  • MARINE DIESEL ENGINE ENERGY AND ECONOMICAL PARAMETERS DETERMINATION AFTER INDICATOR DIAGRAM DIGITAL PROCESSING

    MOSKOV Julian; ZARKO Iliev
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    In this paper determination of a marine diesel engine indicative diagram, taken by mechanical indicator, problem is reviewed. On the basis of recognition of images and analysis of the resulting database energy economical parameters (EIP) are collected, which completeness and accuracy exceed those obtained by modern mean indication pressure (MIP) systems. The software used for processing and generating the database in Flash environment is also described.
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  • FPGA IMPLEMENTATIONS OF CONSTANT FALSE ALARM RATE DETECTORS (CFAR)

    MILANOV Peter; ALEXANDROV Chavdar
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    FPGA implementations of CFAR detectors in different scenarios and environments are described in this paper. Possible combinations with other modules to improve performance and functionality, implemented in different classes FPGA’s are discussed.
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  • A POINT OF VIEW ON THE REGASIFICATION OF LNG

    MEMET Feiza
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    LNG business started in the ‘60s and since then evolved quite fast. The high natural gas demand the existence of receiving terminals. The most significant function of a terminal is the LNG conversion through the vaporization process. In the last years, improvements of the LNG technology focused on the liquefaction process and shipping. This paper deals with the regasification of LNG, which traditionally is done by taking heat from the sea water. Is analysed how the integration of the cryogenic heat sink in the situation of a H2/O2 cycle affects the exergy efficiency.
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  • THERMODYNAMIC AND ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

    MEMET Feiza
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    Ships are important air pollution sources since their high powered main engines often use heavy fuels. Internal combustion engines are widely used in the shipping sector. Shipping emissions cause significant effects on the environment. In this paper is made an analysis of the thermodynamic efficiency of the Otto Cycle. The eco analysis is made by introducing the efficiencies under maximum power conditions and maximum ecological conditions, and also the heats rejected to the environment under these conditions.
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  • MULTISTATIC SONAR PULSE SIGNALS TIME DELAY ESTIMATION

    KOLEV N. ZH.; IVANOV P. VL.; KALOYANCHEV P., ST.
    4/1/2010
    Marine sciences and engineering; Renewable energies; Marine renewable energies and Sustenability; Advanced technologies for MET; Climate changes
    An application of a multistatic sonar concept is presented. Signal excess areas were simulated for a given configuration of one active source and two passive receivers for different sonar, target and sound speed profile parameters. Time delay estimation algorithm based on convolution in frequency domain is developed. Experimental results are given with real sonar measurements and time delay estimation in test tank and at sea trial.
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